Polygonatum Species, Solomon's Seal, Small Solomon's Seal, Smooth Solomon's seal

Polygonatumbiflorum

Genus
Polygonatum (po-lig-oh-NAY-tum)
Species
biflorum (by-FLOR-um)
Synonym
Sun Exposure
Partial to Full Shade
Foliage
Grown for foliage
Herbaceous
Smooth
Height
12-18 in. (30-45 cm)
18-24 in. (45-60 cm)
24-36 in. (60-90 cm)
Spacing
18-24 in. (45-60 cm)
Hardiness
USDA Zone 3a: to -39.9 °C (-40 °F)
USDA Zone 3b: to -37.2 °C (-35 °F)
USDA Zone 4a: to -34.4 °C (-30 °F)
USDA Zone 4b: to -31.6 °C (-25 °F)
USDA Zone 5a: to -28.8 °C (-20 °F)
USDA Zone 5b: to -26.1 °C (-15 °F)
USDA Zone 6a: to -23.3 °C (-10 °F)
USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F)
USDA Zone 7a: to -17.7 °C (0 °F)
USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F)
USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F)
USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15 °F)
Danger
Parts of plant are poisonous if ingested
Bloom Color
White/Near White
Bloom Time
Mid Spring
Late Spring/Early Summer
Other Details
Category
Perennials
Water Requirements
Average Water Needs; Water regularly; do not overwater
Requires consistently moist soil; do not let dry out between waterings
Foliage Color
Where to Grow
Grow outdoors year-round in hardiness zone
Bloom Characteristics
Bloom Size
Other details
Soil pH requirements
6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic)
6.6 to 7.5 (neutral)
7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline)
Patent Information
Non-patented
Propagation Methods
By dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs (including offsets)
From seed; direct sow outdoors in fall
From seed; stratify if sowing indoors
Seed Collecting
Bag seedheads to capture ripening seed
Allow pods to dry on plant; break open to collect seeds
Regional

This plant is said to grow outdoors in the following regions:

Montevallo, Alabama

Morrilton, Arkansas

Los Altos, California

Old Lyme, Connecticut

Wilmington, Delaware

Cordele, Georgia

Marietta, Georgia

Woodstock, Georgia

Aurora, Illinois

Divernon, Illinois

Evanston, Illinois

Washington, Illinois

Wheaton, Illinois

Bloomington, Indiana

Ida Grove, Iowa

Lindsborg, Kansas

Olathe, Kansas

Overbrook, Kansas

Hebron, Kentucky

Melbourne, Kentucky

Mer Rouge, Louisiana

Vassalboro, Maine

Finksburg, Maryland

Fort Washington, Maryland

Westminster, Maryland

Beverly, Massachusetts

Foxboro, Massachusetts

Hingham, Massachusetts

Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts

Mashpee, Massachusetts

Quincy, Massachusetts

Salem, Massachusetts

Swansea, Massachusetts

Wellfleet, Massachusetts

Bay City, Michigan

Grand Haven, Michigan

Royal Oak, Michigan

Bowlus, Minnesota

Isle, Minnesota

Minneapolis, Minnesota(2 reports)

Saint Paul, Minnesota

Brunswick, Missouri

Eunice, Missouri

Moberly, Missouri

Piedmont, Missouri

Warrensburg, Missouri

Lincoln, Nebraska

Madbury, New Hampshire

Cherry Hill, New Jersey

Frenchtown, New Jersey

Metuchen, New Jersey

Plainfield, New Jersey

Ballston Lake, New York

Blossvale, New York

Brooklyn, New York

Buffalo, New York(2 reports)

Fairport, New York

Ithaca, New York

New York City, New York

Ogdensburg, New York

Syracuse, New York

Wading River, New York

West Kill, New York

Boone, North Carolina

Raleigh, North Carolina

Coshocton, Ohio

Geneva, Ohio

Glouster, Ohio

Hilliard, Ohio

North Olmsted, Ohio

Stow, Ohio

Inola, Oklahoma

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Sulphur, Oklahoma

Tulsa, Oklahoma

Bellefonte, Pennsylvania

Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania

Hope Valley, Rhode Island

Conway, South Carolina

Rock Hill, South Carolina

Fairview, Tennessee

Murfreesboro, Tennessee

Newport, Tennessee

Alexandria, Virginia

Blacksburg, Virginia

Fort Valley, Virginia

Leesburg, Virginia

Lexington, Virginia

CHIMACUM, Washington

Seattle, Washington

Onalaska, Wisconsin

Prairie Du Sac, Wisconsin

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Featured Videos

Gardener's Notes:

14
positives
5
neutrals
1
negative
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C
ROSLINDALE, MA | August 2016 | positive

This perennial does well where hostas do well. Like a hosta, it's a tough easy plant that will tolerate dry shade, but it performs best i...Read More

R
Downingtown, PA | August 2016 | positive

Back about 1993 someone let me dig out a few of this species from their woodsy yard with their curving stems and white rhizome undergroun...Read More

S
Lindsborg, KS | April 2015 | positive

Mine appeared spontaneously, next to the privacy fence enclosing my back yard, in the only shady spot I have. (I assume it was "planted"...Read More

R
Mer Rouge, LA | April 2013 | positive

Got a start of this plant from my sister in Pennsylvania, planted it in my shady, moist bed along with ferns and lily of the valley, in M...Read More

F
Rock Hill, SC (Zone 7a) | April 2012 | positive

Excellent native woodland plant that handles heat & drought in these parts very well. A great companion is the Great Solomon's Seal(Poly...Read More

G
Harpersfield, OH (Zone 5a) | January 2011 | positive

Planted in heavy clay, tons of water - it thrives here! But it hasn't spread all over. It is a nice size clump, but isn't taking over a...Read More

J
J
Ballston Lake, NY (Zone 5a) | May 2010 | neutral

I've been looking for this plant for a while... recently while on a hike in the Adirondacks I saw a large patch growing (in the wild). It...Read More

G
Saint Paul, MN | April 2010 | neutral

Brooklyn Park/St. Paul,MN

I received a small clump of this plant from a friend and put them in my parent's yard in Brookly...Read More

G
Cabot, AR | June 2009 | neutral

A friend gave me a start of Soloman's Seal this spring. I was very excited to see the beginnings of blooms. Yesterday we had a terrible...Read More

R
Bellefonte, PA (Zone 5b) | May 2009 | positive

I love this plant! Easy to grow in shade. I have never found it to be invasive in my zone. And no one mentioned the fragrance in the ea...Read More

H
H
Shenandoah Valley, VA | May 2009 | positive

Wow, one woman's trash is another woman's treasure. I love this plant. The variegated leaves are beautiful and the delicate flowers are c...Read More

A
Cherry Hill, NJ | May 2008 | positive

I was given a few clumps of this plant about 5 years or so ago. It was VERY slow to take off in my NJ shade areas. Just last year it make...Read More

L
Ida Grove, IA (Zone 5a) | May 2008 | negative

I hate this plant! It is EVERYWHERE in my yard -- sun, shade, nestled among tree roots, under my sidewalk(!), everywhere! Highly invasi...Read More

C
West Kill, NY | May 2005 | positive

Solomon's seal grow's wild everywhere here in the Catskills. The biflorum part of the species name is because the flowers of true Solomon...Read More

D
D
Corning, OH (Zone 6a) | November 2004 | positive

We have a lot of this plant growing wild in our woods.

P
(Zone 8b) | October 2004 | neutral

This plant loves the shade. pokerboy.

L
Ithaca, NY (Zone 5b) | October 2004 | positive

A neighbor gave me a couple starts several years ago. I planted them in a moist shady spot and they've taken off like they've always bee...Read More

S
S
| August 2003 | positive

Hi - responding from St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada - Solomon's Seal transplanted well and is spreading like a much-desired weed in our...Read More

T
T
Murfreesboro, TN (Zone 7a) | August 2002 | positive

Great plant for shade, and not hard to get a clump started.

K
K
Bloomingdale, NJ (Zone 6a) | May 2001 | neutral

regal shade plant with slender arching stems that bear beautiful ovate-veined light green foliage. Small white tubular flowers dangle gr...Read More

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