Common Hackberry, American Hackberry

Celtisoccidentalis

Genus
Celtis (SEL-tis)
Species
occidentalis (ok-sih-den-TAY-liss)
Synonym
Celtis canina
Celtis occidentalis var. canina
Celtis occidentalis var. pumila
Celtis pumila
Celtis pumila var. deamii
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Sun to Partial Shade
Light Shade
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
over 40 ft. (12 m)
Spacing
8-10 ft. (2.4-3 m)
Hardiness
USDA Zone 3a: to -39.9 °C (-40 °F)
USDA Zone 3b: to -37.2 °C (-35 °F)
USDA Zone 4a: to -34.4 °C (-30 °F)
USDA Zone 4b: to -31.6 °C (-25 °F)
USDA Zone 5a: to -28.8 °C (-20 °F)
USDA Zone 5b: to -26.1 °C (-15 °F)
USDA Zone 6a: to -23.3 °C (-10 °F)
USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F)
USDA Zone 7a: to -17.7 °C (0 °F)
USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F)
USDA Zone 8a: to -12.2 °C (10 °F)
Danger
N/A
Bloom Color
Inconspicuous/none
Bloom Time
Mid Spring
Other Details
Category
Edible Fruits and Nuts
Trees
Water Requirements
Average Water Needs; Water regularly; do not overwater
Foliage Color
Where to Grow
Bloom Characteristics
This plant is attractive to bees, butterflies and/or birds
Bloom Size
Other details
Soil pH requirements
4.5 or below (very acidic)
4.6 to 5.0 (highly acidic)
5.1 to 5.5 (strongly acidic)
5.6 to 6.0 (acidic)
6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic)
6.6 to 7.5 (neutral)
7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline)
Patent Information
Non-patented
Propagation Methods
From softwood cuttings
From semi-hardwood cuttings
From seed; direct sow outdoors in fall
From seed; winter sow in vented containers, coldframe or unheated greenhouse
From seed; stratify if sowing indoors
Seed Collecting
Remove fleshy coating on seeds before storing
Allow unblemished fruit to ripen; clean and dry seeds
Properly cleaned, seed can be successfully stored
Regional

This plant is said to grow outdoors in the following regions:

Birmingham, Alabama

Rehoboth Beach, Delaware

Port Saint Lucie, Florida

Moscow, Idaho

Aurora, Illinois

Glen Ellyn, Illinois

Atalissa, Iowa

Benton, Kentucky

Calvert City, Kentucky

Clermont, Kentucky

Frankfort, Kentucky

Georgetown, Kentucky

Lexington, Kentucky

Louisville, Kentucky

Nicholasville, Kentucky

Paris, Kentucky

Versailles, Kentucky

Williamsburg, Kentucky

Roslindale, Massachusetts

Minneapolis, Minnesota

Young America, Minnesota

Cole Camp, Missouri

Sedalia, Missouri

Helena, Montana

Frenchtown, New Jersey

Belfield, North Dakota

Cincinnati, Ohio

Columbus, Ohio

Glouster, Ohio

Middletown, Ohio

Downingtown, Pennsylvania

Murfreesboro, Tennessee

Nashville, Tennessee

Brownsville, Texas(2 reports)

Fort Worth, Texas

Lorena, Texas

Montague, Texas

Rockwall, Texas

Glenwood, Utah

Orem, Utah

South Jordan, Utah

Charlottesville, Virginia

Falling Waters, West Virginia

Kimberly, Wisconsin

Madison, Wisconsin

Sherwood, Wisconsin

Kinnear, Wyoming

show all

Featured Videos

Gardener's Notes:

7
positives
4
neutrals
1
negative
Sort By:
Sort By:
J
Shorewood Hills, WI | August 2019 | positive

I have dozens of hackberry trees on my half acre homestead in Wisconsin, and I really like them. It's not a tree you see all over, but t...Read More

G
Rockwall, TX | May 2018 | positive

Some people consider this a “trash tree”, but I find them very beautiful in the natural landscape. The trunks of mature trees have an...Read More

P
P
| May 2016 | positive

I bought seed from TreeSeeds.com and followed their instructions. I got about 50% germination and have a bunch of seedlings growing in po...Read More

C
ROSLINDALE, MA | March 2014 | neutral

A tough, highly adaptable, fairly fast-growing tree native to eastern North America. Highly drought- and wind-tolerant, it's a good shade...Read More

R
Downingtown, PA | December 2013 | positive

It is a fast growing, yet windfirm shade tree that is reliable. Elm-like with grayish warty bark that can become more plated when old. Ad...Read More

E
Nashville, TN | April 2009 | neutral

This tree is very common in Nashville and has become somewhat "politically incorrect" to have growing! It's the last tree to leaf out in...Read More

M
Coon Rapids, MN (Zone 4a) | March 2008 | positive

Becoming more commonly planted - still uncommon to rare for home yards in Minnesota - most commomly planted for public projects - a good ...Read More

B
Braselton, GA (Zone 8a) | March 2007 | neutral

Celtis occidentalis COMMON HACKBERRY Dec (z4) (ENa,B&W,Bon)
Sm fruits turn from or-red to deep-purple & are "sweet and edible raw...Read More

M
Austin, TX (Zone 8b) | July 2005 | negative

I moved into a house with a mature hackberry next to the driveway. Initially, I thought it would be nice to park under it but I soon beg...Read More

M
M
Benton, KY (Zone 7a) | January 2005 | positive

A beautiful tree that is an asset to the gardens and fields here in this area. The unique bumpy bark provides wonderful winter interest ...Read More

T
Now in Orlando, FL (Zone 9b) | December 2004 | positive

I have a c. occidentalis growing here in FL.
Although it's found growing in dry upland sites here in the state, my yard is anythi...Read More

S
Oklahoma City, OK (Zone 7a) | August 2002 | neutral

These trees are very deep rooted, so other plants can be grown close to it, or directly underneath it. The largest species is the Missis...Read More

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